Jiu Jitsu originated
in medieval Japan where soldiers of the various Warlords used it to
defend themselves against both armed and unarmed attackers. It was also
used to overpower a potentially much stronger attacker and restrain
or incapacitate them until help arrived. Today the police and army are
taught aspects of Jiu Jitsu for much the same reasons.
Primarily, Jitsu
is characterised by a flexibility of techniques that allow a response
varying from gentle but firm dissuasion to infliction of serious injury.
The philosophy of Jiu Jitsu is that you should be able to defend yourself
against any style of attack, in any situation, choosing a response that
suits the circumstances, without having to rely on strength and power.
Modern day Jiu Jitsu employs throws, holds, locks, blocking
and evading techniques, kicks and strikes plus disarming techniques
to protect against various weapons. In addition techniques to deal with
modern-day problems such as knuckle-dusters, baseball bats and broken
bottles, have also been added.
Although Jiu Jitsu is not as specialized as some other
styles ( Karate for example, with its emphasis on striking ), Jiu Jitsu
remains effective because it encompasses all combative techniques. Variety
is often an effective form of attack and defence, since if an opponent
does not know how to defend or bypass a technique, then they become
open and susceptible.
While the name Jiu Jitsu can be written in several ways:
Jiu Jitsu, Jiu Jutsu or Ju Jutsu the translation is generally the same.
Ju conveys the idea of relaxing and yielding. Taking
the classic analogy of the Willow tree with its supple branches...If
you apply a force to a Willow branch, it bends yet it does not break.
It yields to the force and survives undamaged. In practical terms, do
not meet force with force but rather avoid or deflect the attack.
Jitsu conveys the image of a style and art form, and
again taking the Willow analogy... As the wind blows, the Willow bends
and sways with each gust, its branches whirling in the breezes. In practical
terms one must flow with an attack, accepting what is presented by the
opponent and then employing technique to overcome the opponent.
This leads to an interpretation of Jiu Jitsu as "the
gentle art", or "the yielding art". Strength is not a
major requirement for the art of Jiu Jitsu, however that is not to say
that it does not have its place. Overcoming an opponent may be accomplished
through a soft yielding technique, followed by the use of a short burst
of strength to execute a finishing or subduing technique.
Regardless of the technique used, the goal should always
be to utilize the opponents' strength against them. Hence Ju Jitsu can
be characterized as: See the attack, Accept and yield to the attack,
Take control of the attack, Redirect the attack, Increase the attack.